A級考前技巧輔導-閱讀(1)

時間：2023-05-04 22:01:38 英語方法我要投稿

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A級考前技巧輔導-閱讀(1)

今天我們就來看看閱讀的技巧,重點就語法題給大家講解一下.

試題介紹

本部分測試考生從書面文字材料獲取信息的能力，短文題材包括社會、文化、常識、科普、經貿、人物和實用性文字，其中實用性文字大約占60-70%。?

主要測試考生以下閱讀技能：?

1.了解語篇和段落的主旨和大意；?

2.掌握語篇中的事實和主要情節；?

3.理解語篇上下文的邏輯關系；?

4.對句子和段落進行推理；?

5.了解作者的目的、態度和觀點；?

6.根據上下文正確理解生詞的意思；?

7.了解語篇的結論；?

8.進行信息轉換。?

測試題主要類型：?

1.主旨題?

2.細節推理題(包括對作者態度和觀點的推理)?

3.是非判斷題?

4.詞匯釋義題(熟詞辨義，超綱詞匯含義的推斷)??

解題技巧指導

有效的閱讀過程：瀏覽全文，掌握文章主題→根據段首句，抓住中心思想→細讀原文，確定主題句和支持主題部分→根據語篇標志，識別段落之間關系→找到文章結論。?

Basic Knowledge about text?

Ways of developing paragraphs:(段落結構)?

1.development by time?

2.development by space?

3.development by process?

4.development by example and generalization?

5.development by comparison and contrast?

6.development by cause and effect?

Types of cohesion:(語篇銜接方式)?

了解一篇文章的組成方式和銜接方式是讀懂一篇文章的前提，對透徹理解一篇文章是大有裨益的，語篇銜接方式大致有以下四種：?

1.指稱銜接?

人稱指稱：第三人稱代詞?

指示指稱：指示代詞?

比較指稱?

2.省略與替代?

3.連接：主要通過連接詞來實現，分為四種類型：增補型、轉折型、原因型、時間型。?

4.詞匯銜接：是構成銜接的最高級形式，含重述和搭配兩種。?

注：閱讀忌諱——試圖弄懂文章中的每一個詞。對付生詞的有效方法是合理化原則順勢閱讀。若生詞不影響對詞義的理解就順勢讀下去，如有影響，則根據語境推測其意。??

主旨題?

（一）主旨題的常見出題形式?

The main point of the passage is ...?

The passage mainly deals with ...?

What does the passage mainly discuss??

Which of the following best states the theme of the passage??

The author apparently asserts that ...?

A suitable title for the passage would be ...?

（二）解主旨題的關鍵?

1.確定中心思想?

2.主題句在文中的位置?

3.主旨題干擾項的特點?

一般有以下三種情況：?

1.局部信息，或是一句未展開論述的話，或是某一段的主要內容。?

2.概括內容太大，此項把文章的內容過于一般化，所包括的內容多于文章闡述的內容，過于籠統。?

3.無關信息，在文章中找不到語言根據的信息。?

例題：?

The snow was falling very heavily. The sky was very cloudy. The wind was blowing very hard—about 45 miles per hour. It was 18 degrees outside. It was hard to see objects only a few feet in front of you.?Which of the following sentences best expresses the main idea of the paragraph?

A) It’s cold outside. B) It’s winter time.?

C) The weather is changeable. D) The weather is stormy.?

本段共三句，沒有一句可概括段落的主題思想，所陳述的都是細節。但每一句都從不同方面講述同一點。即天氣惡劣，因此，總結全文，才能歸納出本段的主題：The weather is stormy. 分析其選項，A項太片面，B項太籠統，C項不準確，文中無change的跡象。故D項為答案。?

例題：?

People have different tastes in food. Some feel that they haven’t eaten a meal unless they have had steak or other red meat. Some prefer chicken or fish and eat one or the other at every meal. Others prefer vegetables and fruits or grains and would enjoy a meal of clam chowder, eggplant, and fresh fruit. Others could live on what are called fast foods: a hamburger or hot dog, French fries, and a soft-drink.?

Which of the following sentences best expresses the main idea of the paragraph??

A) Some people like steak and others like red meat.?

B) Vegetables are very healthy to you.?

C) Food preparation has a lot to do with people’s tastes.?

D) Different people have different tastes in food.?

在這四個選項中，A是文中提到的一項具體內容，作為主題思想面太窄了。B項則太泛。C項文中未提及。只有D項概括了全文的主題，具有結論性。本段的主題是：人們對食物的喜好是不盡相同的，這正是出現于段首的主題句。?

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