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“there be+名詞+非謂語動詞”英語語法

時間:2023-05-05 03:13:11 英語語法 我要投稿
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“there be+名詞+非謂語動詞”英語語法

  1. there be+賓語+現在分詞:

“there be+名詞+非謂語動詞”英語語法

  現在分詞表示主動關系,同時表示動作正在進行:

  There is someone waiting for him. 有人在等他。

  There was a man standing in front of me. 我前面站著一個男人。

  There were some children swimming in the river. 有些小孩在河里游泳。

  There were a group of young people working in the fields. 有一群青年在地里勞動。

  有時現在分詞可表示一種狀態:

  There’s a piano standing against the wall. 靠墻有一架鋼琴。

  There’re a lot of difficulties facing us. 我們面前有很多困難。

  There is a door leading to the garden. 有一座門通往花園。

  有個別現在分詞用于該結構時可以表示將來(正如它們可用進行時表示將來一樣):

  There are ten people coming to dinner. 有10個人來吃晚飯。

  2. there be+賓語+過去分詞:

  過去分詞表示一種被動關系,同時表示動作已經發生:

  There is nothing written on it. 上面沒寫東西。

  There were ten people killed in the accident. 事故中有10人喪生。

  有時過去分詞也可表示一種狀態(可轉換成被動結構):

  There were some old men seated (=who were seated) in the back. 有些老人坐在后面。

  There is a red car parked (=which is parked) outside the house. 房子外邊停著一輛紅色汽車。

  3. there be+賓語+不定式:不定式通常表示動作尚未發生:

  There was nobody to look after the child. 沒有人照顧這孩子。

  There was a large crowd to send him off. 有一大群人要來給他送行。

  There was so much to lose that we couldn’t take any risks. 可能會有很大的損失,因此我們不能冒險。

  【注】當其中的賓語與其后的不定式為被動關系時,可用主動表被動,也可用被動式:

  There is much work to do [to be done]. 有許多工作要做。

  有時其中的不定式為系表結構:

  There is nothing to be afraid of. 沒什么可怕的。

  What was there to be afraid of. 有什么可怕的?

  There’s nothing to be ashamed of. 沒有什么值得羞愧的。

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