考研英語閱讀理解練習題及答案

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考研英語閱讀理解練習題及答案

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考研英語閱讀理解練習題及答案

　　考研英語閱讀理解練習題及答案 1

　　Scientists have known for more than two decades that cancer is a disease of the genes. Something scrambles the Dna inside a nucleus， and suddenly， instead of dividing in a measured fashion， a cell begins to copy itself furiously. Unlike an ordinary cell， it never stops. But describing the process isnt the same as figuring it out. Cancer cells are so radically different from normal ones that its almost impossible to untangle the sequence of events that made them that way. So for years researchers have been attacking the problem by taking normal cells and trying to determine what changes will turn them cancerous——always without success.

　　Until now. According to a report in the current issue of Nature， a team of scientists based at M.I.T.s Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research has finally managed to make human cells malignant——a feat they accomplished with two different cell types by ing just three altered genes into their DNA. While these manipulations were done only in lab dishes and wont lead to any immediate treatment， they appear to be a crucial step in understanding the disease. This is a “landmark paper，” wrote Jonathan Weitzman and Moshe Yaniv of the Pasteur Institute in Paris， in an accompanying commentary.

　　The dramatic new result traces back to a breakthrough in 1983， when the Whiteheads Robert Weinberg and colleagues showed that mouse cells would become cancerous when spiked with two altered genes. But when they tried such alterations on human cells， they didnt work. Since then， scientists have learned that mouse cells differ from human cells in an important respect： they have higher levels of an enzyme called telomerase. That enzyme keeps caplike structures called telomeres on the ends of chromosomes from getting shorter with each round of cell division. Such shortening is part of a cells aging process， and since cancer cells keep dividing forever， the Whitehead group reasoned that making human cells more mouselike might also make them cancerous.

　　The strategy worked. The scientists took connective-tissue and kidney cells and introduced three mutated genes——one that makes cells divide rapidly; another that disables two substances meant to rein in excessive division; and a third that promotes the production of telomerase， which made the cells essentially immortal. Theyd created a tumor in a test tube. “Some people believed that telomerase wasnt that important，” says the Whiteheads William Hahn， the studys lead author. “This allows us to say with some certainty that it is.”

　　Understanding cancer cells in the lab isnt the same as understanding how it behaves in a living body， of course. But by teasing out the key differences between normal and malignant cells， doctors may someday be able to design tests to pick up cancer in its earliest stages. The finding could also lead to drugs tailored to attack specific types of cancer， thereby lessening our dependence on tissue-destroying chemotherapy and radiation. Beyond that， the Whitehead research suggests that this stubbornly complex disease may have a simple origin， and the identification of that origin may turn out to be the most important step of all.

　　1. From the first paragraph， we learn that ________________.

　　[A] scientists had understood what happened to normal cells that made them behave strangely

　　[B] when a cell begins to copy itself without stopping， it becomes cancerous

　　[C] normal cells do no copy themselves

　　[D] the DNA inside a nucleus divides regularly

　　2. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?

　　[A] The scientists traced the source of cancers by figuring out their DNA order.

　　[B] A treatment to cancers will be available within a year or two.

　　[C] The finding paves way for tackling cancer.

　　[D] The scientists successfully turned cancerous cells into healthy cells.

　　3. According to the author， one of the problems in previous cancer research is ________.

　　[A] enzyme kept telomeres from getting shorter

　　[B] scientists didn‘t know there existed different levels of telomerase between mouse cells and human cells

　　[C] scientists failed to understand the connection between a cell‘s aging process and cell division.

　　[D] human cells are mouselike

　　4. Which of the following best defines the word “tailored” (Line 4， Paragraph 5)?

　　[A] made specifically

　　[B] used mainly

　　[C] targeted

　　[D] aimed

　　5. The Whitehead research will probably result in ___________.

　　[A] a thorough understanding of the disease

　　[B] beating out cancers

　　[C] solving the cancer mystery

　　[D] drugs that leave patients less painful

　　答案：B C B A D

　　考研英語閱讀理解練習題及答案 2

　　Section II Reading Comprehension Part A

　　Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)

　　How can the train operators possibly justify yet another increase to rail passenger fares? It has become a grimly reliable annual ritual: every January the cost of travelling by train rises, imposing a significant extra burden on those who have no option but to use the rail network to get to work or otherwise. This years rise, an average of 2.7 per cent, may be a fraction lower than last years, but it is still well above the official Consumer Price Index (CPI) measure of inflation.

　　Successive governments have pertted such increases on the grounds that the cost of investing in and running the rail network should be borne by those who use it, rather than the general taxpayer. Why, the argument goes, should a car-driving pensioner from Lincolnshire have to subsidise the daily commute of a stockbroker from Surrey? Equally there is a sense that the travails of commuters in the South East, many of whom will face among the biggest rises, have received too much attention compared to those who must endure the relatively poor infrastructure of the Midlands and the North.

　　However, over the past12 months, those commuters have also experienced some of the worst rail strikes in years. It is all very well train operators trumpeting the improvements they are making to the network, but passengers should be able to expect a basic level of service for the substantial sums they are now paying to travel. The responsibility for the latest wave of strikes rests on the unions. However, there is a strong case that those who have been worst affected by industrial action should receive compensation for the disruption they have suffered.

　　The Government has pledged to change the law to introduce a minimum service requirement so that, even when strikes occur, services can continue to operate. This should form part of a wider package of measures to address the long-running problems on Britains railways. Yes, more investment is needed, but passengers will not be willing to pay more indefinitely if they must also endure cramped, unreliable services, punctuated by regular chaos when timetables are changed, or planned maintenance is managed incompetently. The threat of nationalisation may have been seen off for now, but it will return with a vengeance if the justified anger of passengers is not addressed in short order.

　　21.【題干】The author holds that this years increase in rail passengers fares_____.

　　【選項】

　　A.will ease train operations burden.

　　B.has kept pace with inflation.

　　C.is a big surprise to commuters.

　　D.remains an unreasonable measure.

　　【答案】D

　　22.【題干】The stockbroker in 2 is used to stand for_____.

　　【選項】

　　A.car drivers

　　B.rail travellers

　　C.local investors

　　D.ordinary taxpayers

　　【答案】B

　　23.【題干】It is indicated in 3 that train operators_____.

　　【選項】

　　A.are offering compensations to commuters.

　　B.are trying to repair relations with the unions.

　　C.have failed to provide an adequate service.

　　D.have suffered huge losses owing to the strikes.

　　【答案】C

　　24.【題干】If unable to calm down passengers, the railways may have to face_____.

　　【選項】

　　A.the loss of investment.

　　B.the collapse of operations.

　　C.a reduction of revenue

　　D.a change of ownership.

　　【答案】D

　　25.【題干】Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

　　【選項】

　　A.Who Are to Blame for the Strikes?

　　B.Constant Complaining Doesnt Work

　　C.Can Nationalization Bring Hope?

　　D.Ever-rising Fares Arent Sustainable

　　【答案】D

　　Last year marked the third year in a row of that Indonesia’s bleak rate of deforestation has slowed in pace. One reason for the turnaround may be the countrys antipoverty program.

　　In 2007, Indonesia started phasing in program that gives money to its poorest residents under certain conditions, such as requiring people to keep kids in school or get regular medical care. Called conditional cash transfers or CCTs, these social assistance programs are designed to reduce inequality and break the cycle of poverty. Theyre already used in dozens of countries worldwide. In Indonesia, the program has provided enough food and medicine to substantially reduce severe growth problems among children.

　　But CCT programs dont generally consider effects on the environment. In fact, poverty alleviation and environmental protection are often viewed as conflicting goals, says Paul Ferraro, an economist at Johns Hopkins University.

　　Thats because economic growth can be correlated with environmental degradation, while protecting the environment is sometimes correlated with greater poverty. However, those correlations dont prove cause and effect. The only previous study analyzing causality, based on an area in Mexico that had instituted CCTs, supported the traditional view. There, as people got more money, some of them may have more cleared land for cattle to raise for meat, Ferraro says.

　　Such programs do not have to negatively affect the environment, though. Ferraro wanted to see if Indonesias poverty-alleviation program was affecting deforestation. Indonesia has the third-largest area of tropical forest in the world and one of the highest deforestation rates.

　　Ferraro analyzed satellite data showing annual forest loss from 2008 to 2012-including during Indonesias phase-in of the antipoverty program-in 7, 468 forested villages across 15 provinces and multiple islands. The duo separated the effects of the CCT program on forest loss from other factors, like weather and macroeconomic changes, which were also affecting forest loss. With that, "we see that the program is associated with a 30 percent reduction in deforestation," Ferraro says.

　　Thats likely because the rural poor are using the money as makeshift insurance policies against inclement weather, Ferraro says. Typically, if rains are delayed, people may clear land to plant more rice to supplement their harvests. With the CCTs, individuals instead can use the money to supplement their harvests.

　　Whether this research translates elsewhere is anybodys guess. Ferraro suggests the importance of growing rice and market access. And regardless of transferability, the study shows that whats good for people may also be good for the value of the avoided deforestation just for carbon dioxide emissions alone is more than the program costs.

　　26.【題干】According to the first two paragraphs, CCT programs aim to_____.

　　【選項】

　　A.facilitate health care reform.

　　B.help poor families get better off.

　　C.improve local education systems.

　　D.lower deforestation rates.

　　【答案】B

　　27.【題干】The study based on an area in Mexico is cited to show that_____.

　　【選項】

　　A.cattle rearing has been a major means of livelihood for the poor.

　　B.CCT programs have he helped preserve traditional lifestyles.

　　C.antipoverty efforts require the participation of local farmers.

　　D.economic growth tends to cause environmental degradation.

　　【答案】D

　　28.【題干】In his study about Indonesia, Ferraro intends to find out_____.

　　【選項】

　　A.its acceptance level of CCTs.

　　B.its annual rate of poverty alleviation.

　　C.the relation of ccts to its forest loss.

　　D.the role of its forests in climate change.

　　【答案】C

　　29.【題干】According to Ferraro, the CCT program in Indonesia is most valuable in that_____.

　　【選項】

　　A.it will benefit other Asian countries.

　　B.it will reduce regional inequality.

　　C.it can protect the environment.

　　D.it can boost grain production.

　　【答案】C

　　30.【題干】What is the text centered on?

　　【選項】

　　A.The effects of a program.

　　B.The debates over a program.

　　C.The process of a study.

　　D.The transferability of a study.

　　【答案】A

　　As a historian whos always searching for the text or the image that makes us re-evaluate the past, Ive become preoccupied with looking for photographs that show our Victorian ancestors smiling (what better way to shatter the image of 19th-century prudery?). Ive found quite a few, and- since I started posting them on Twitter-they have been causing quite stir. People have been surprised to see evidence that Victorians had fun and could, and did, laugh. They are noting that the Victorians suddenly seem to become more human as the hundred-or-so years that separate us fade away through our common experience of laughter.

　　Of course, I need to concede that my collection of Smiling Victorians makes up only a tiny percentage of the vast catalogue of photographic portraiture created between 1840 and 1900, the majority of which show sitters posing miserably and stiffly in front of painted backdrops, or staring absently into the middle distance. How do we explain this trend?

　　During the 1840s and 1850s, in the early days of photography, exposure times were notoriously long: the daguerreotype photographic method (producing an image on a silvered copper plate) could take several minutes to complete, resulting in blurred images as sitters shifted position or adjusted their limbs. The thought of holding a fixed grin as the camera performed its magical duties was too much to contemplate, and so a non-committal blank stare became the norm.

　　But exposure times were much quicker by the 1880s, and the introduction of the Box Brownie and other portable cameras meant that, though slow by todays digital standards, the exposure was almost instantaneous. Spontaneous smiles were relatively easy to capture by the 1890s, so we must look elsewhere for an explanation of why Victorians still hesitated to smile.

　　One explanation might be the loss of dignity displayed through a cheesy grin. “Nature gave us lips to conceal our teeth,” ran one popular Victorian maxim, alluding to the fact that before the birth of proper dentistry, mouths were often in a shocking state of hygiene. A flashing set of healthy and clean, regular pearly whites rare sight in Victorian society, the preserve of the super-rich (and even then, dental hygiene was not guaranteed).

　　A toothy grin (especially when there were gaps or blackened teeth) lacked class: drunks, tramps, prostitutes and buffoonish music hall performers might gurn and grin with a smile as wide as Lewis Carrolls gum-exposing Cheshire Cat, but it was not a becoming look for properly bred persons. Even Mark Twain, a man who enjoyed a hearty laugh, said that when it came to photographic portraits there could be "nothing more damning than a silly, foolish smile fixed forever".

　　31.【題干】According to Paragraph 1, the authors posts on Twitter. _____

　　【選項】

　　A.changed peoples impression of the Victorians.

　　B.highlighted social medias role in Victorian studies.

　　C.re-evaluated the Victorians notion of public image.

　　D.illustrated the development of Victorian photography.

　　【答案】A

　　32.【題干】What does author say about the Victorian portraits he has collected? _____

　　【選項】

　　A.They are in popular use among historians.

　　B.They are rare among photographs of that age.

　　C.They mirror 19th-century social conventions.

　　D.They show effects of different exposure times.

　　【答案】B

　　33.【題干】What might have kept the Victorians from smiling for pictures in the 1890s? _____

　　【選項】

　　A.Their inherent social sensitiveness.

　　B.Their tension before the camera.

　　C.Their distrust of new inventions.

　　D.Their unhealthy dental condition.

　　【答案】D

　　34.【題干】Mark Twain is quoted to show that the disapproval of smiles in pictures was_____.

　　【選項】

　　A.a deep-root belief.

　　B.a misguided attitude.

　　C.a controversial view.

　　D.a thought-provoking idea.

　　【答案】A

　　35.【題干】Which of the following questions does the text answer?_____

　　【選項】

　　A.Why did most Victorians look stern in photographs?

　　B.Why did the Victorians start view photographs?

　　C.What made photography develop slowly in the Victorian period?

　　D.How did smiling in photographs become a post-Victorian norm?

　　【答案】A

　　From the early days of broadband, advocates for consumers and web-based companies worried that the cable and phone companies selling broadband connections had the power and incentive to favor affiliated websites over their rivals. Thats why there has been such a strong demand for rules that would prevent broadband providers from picking winners and losers online, preserving the freedom and innovation that have been the lifeblood of the internet.

　　Yet that demand has been almost impossible to fill-in part because of pushback from broadband providers, anti-regulatory conservatives and the courts. A federal appeals court weighed in again Tuesday, but instead of providing badly needed resolution, it only prolonged the fight. At issue before the U. S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit was the latest take of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) on net neutrality, adopted on a party-line vote in 2017. The Republican-penned order not only eliminated the strict net neutrality rules the FCC had adopted when it had a Democratic majority in 2015, but rejected the commissions authority to require broadband providers to do much of anything. The order also declared that state and local governments couldnt regulate broadband providers either.

　　The commission argued that other agencies would protect against anti-competitive behavior, such as a broadband-providing conglomerate like AT&T favoring its own video-streaming service at the expense of Netflix and Apple TV. Yet the FCC also ended the investigations of broadband providers that imposed data caps on their rivals streaming services but not their own.

　　On Tuesday, the appeals court unanimously upheld the 2017 order deregulating broadband providers, citing a Supreme Court ruling from 2005 that upheld a similarly deregulatory move. But Judge Patricia Millett rightly argued in a concurring opinion that “the result is unhinged from the realities of modern broadband service,” and said Congress or the Supreme Court could intervene to "avoid trapping Internet regulation in technological anachronism."

　　In the meantime, the court threw out the FCCs attempt to block all state rules on net neutrality, while preserving the commissions power to preempt individual state laws that undermine its order. That means more battles like the one now going on between the Justice Department and California, which enacted a tough net neutrality law in the wake of the FCCs abdication.

　　The endless legal battles and back-and-for at the FCC cry out for Congress to act. It needs to give the commission explicit authority once and for all to bar broadband providers from meddling in the traffic on their network and to create clear rules protecting openness and innovation online.

　　36.【題干】There has long been concern that broadband provides would_____.

　　【選項】

　　A.bring web-based firms under control.

　　B.slow down the traffic on their network.

　　C.show partiality in treating clients.

　　D.intensify competition with their rivals.

　　【答案】C

　　37.【題干】Faced with the demand for net neutrality rules, the Fcc_____.

　　【選項】

　　A.Sticks to an out-of-date order.

　　B.Takes an anti-regulatory stance.

　　C.Has issued a special resolution.

　　D.Has allowed the states to intervene.

　　【答案】B

　　38.【題干】What can be learned about AT&T from Paragraph 3?

　　【選項】

　　A.It protects against unfair competition.

　　B.It engages in anti-competitive practices.

　　C.It is under the FCCs investigation.

　　D.It is in pursuit of quality service.

　　【答案】B

　　39.【題干】Judge Patricia Millett argues that the appeals courts decision_____.

　　【選項】

　　A.focuses on trivialities.

　　B.conveys an ambiguous message.

　　C.is at odds with its earlier rulings.

　　D.is out of touch with reality.

　　【答案】D

　　40.【題干】What does the author argue in the last paragraph?

　　【選項】

　　A.Congress needs to take action to ensure net neutrality.

　　B.The FCC should be put under strict supervision.

　　C.Rules need to be set to diversify online services.

　　D.Broadband providers rights should be protected.

　　【答案】A

　　Section II Reading Comprehension Part B

　　The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-G and filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraphs C and F have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

　　In the movies and on television, artificial intelligence is typically depicted as something sinister that will upend our way of life. When it comes to AI in business, we often hear about it in relation to automation and the impending loss of jobs, but in what ways is AI changing companies and the larger economy that don’t involve doom-and-mass unemployment predictions?

　　A recent survey of manufacturing and service industries from Tata Consultancy Services found that companies currently use Al more often in computer-to-computer activities than in automating human activities. One common application? Preventing electronic security breaches, which, rather than eliminating IT jobs, actually makes those personnel more valuable to employers, because they help firms prevent hacking attempts.

　　Here are a few other ways AI is aiding companies without replacing employees:

　　Better hiring practices

　　Companies are using artificial intelligence to remove some of the unconscious bias from hiring decisions. "There are experiments that show that, naturally, the results of interviews are much more biased than what AI does," says Pedro Domingos, author of The Master Algorithm: How the Quest for the Ultimate Learning Machine Will Remake Our World and a computer science _____(41)One company that’s doing this is called Blendoor. It uses analytics to help identify where there may be bias in the hiring process.

　　More effective marketing

　　Some AI software can analyze and optimize marketing email subject lines to increase open rates. One company in the UK, Phrasee, claims their software can outperform humans by up to 10 percent when it comes to email open rates. This can mean millions more in revenue. _____(42)There are “tools that help people use data, not a replacement for people,” says Patrick H. Winston, a professor of artificial intelligence and computer science at MIT.

　　Saving customers money

　　Energy companies can use AI to help customers reduce their electricity bills saving them money while helping the environment. Companies can also optimize their own energy use and cut down on the cost of electricity. Insurance companies meanwhile, can base their premiums on AI models that more accurately access risk. "Before, they might not insure the ones who felt like a high risk or charge them too much," says Domingos, _____(43)

　　Improved accuracy

　　Machine learning often provides a more reliable form of statistics, which makes data more valuable," says Winston. It "helps people make smarter decisions." _____(44)

　　Protecting and maintaining infrastructure

　　A number of companies, particularly in energy and transportation, use AI image processing technology to inspect infrastructure and prevent equipment failure or leaks before they happen. "If they fail first and then you fix them, its very expensive," says Domingos. _____(45)

　　[A] I replaces the boring parts of your job. If youre doing research, you can have AI go out and look for relevant sources and information that otherwise you just wouldnt have time for.

　　[B] One accounting firm, EY, uses an AI system that helps review contracts during an audit. This process, along with employees reviewing the contracts, is faster and more accurate.

　　[C] There are also companies like Acquisio, which analyzes advertising performance across multiple channels like Adwords, Bing and social media and makes adjustments or suggestions about where advertising funds will yield best results.

　　[D] You want to predict if something needs attention now and point to where its useful for employees to go to.

　　[E] Before, they might not insure the ones who felt like a high risk or charge them too much, or they would charge them too little and then it would cost [the company] money.

　　[F] Were also giving our customers better channels versus picking up the phone to accomplish something beyond human scale.

　　[G] AI looks at resumes in greater numbers than humans would be able to, and selects the more promising candidates.

　　41.【題干】41._____.

　　【選項】

　　A.A

　　B.B

　　C.C

　　D.D

　　E.E

　　F.F

　　G.G

　　【答案】G

　　42.【題干】42._____.

　　【選項】

　　A.A

　　B.B

　　C.C

　　D.D

　　E.E

　　F.F

　　G.G

　　【答案】C

　　43.【題干】43._____.

　　【選項】

　　A.A

　　B.B

　　C.C

　　D.D

　　E.E

　　F.F

　　G.G

　　【答案】E

　　44.【題干】44._____.

　　【選項】

　　A.A

　　B.B

　　C.C

　　D.D

　　E.E

　　F.F

　　G.G

　　【答案】B

　　45.【題干】45._____.

　　【選項】

　　A.A

　　B.B

　　C.C

　　D.D

　　E.E

　　F.F

　　G.G

　　【答案】D

　　考研英語閱讀理解練習題及答案 3

　　文章剖析：

　　這篇文章是有關Google公司在能源方面計劃進行的一場革命，要用低廉的可再生能源來替代煤炭。第一段引出這個話題，指出目前Google的做法;第二段講述煤炭資源的弊端和Google的目標;第三、四段講述Googel投資的兩家公司;第五、六段講述該公司在能源環保方面所作的努力。

　　詞匯注釋：

　　fledgling adj. 年輕的或無經驗的 geothermal adj.地熱的, 地溫的, 地熱(或地溫)產生的

　　gigawatt n. 十億瓦特 turbine n. 渦輪

　　scalable adj. 可升級的 philanthropic adj. 慈善的，樂善好施的

　　pledge v. 許諾，抵押 lobby v. 游說

　　難句突破：

　　(1) Not only will Google be hiring engineers and energy experts for its new initiative, known as RE

　　[主體句式] Not only will Google be…but it also…

　　[結構分析]這是一個并列句。前面的分句中，known as…過去分詞結構是前面new initiative的定語;后面分句中，破折號后面的現在分詞結構是前面companies的定語，在該定語中，that引導的定語從句修飾前面的those。

　　[句子譯文] 谷歌不僅會為自己新的項目――RE

　　(2) They are eSolar, of Pasadena, which is specializing in solar-thermal power, using large fields of mirrors to concentrate sunlight and generate steam to run utility-scale electric turbines, and Makani of Alameda, which is developing wind energy technology that takes advantage of the much stronger and more reliable currents available at high altitudes.

　　[主體結構]They are eSolar and Makani.

　　[結構分析]這是一個復合句，eSolar后面是用來修飾它的以which引導的定語從句，using large…是現在分詞結構修飾eSolar;Makani后面是修飾它的以which引導的定語從句，該定語從句中，that引導的從句是用來修飾technology的。

　　[句子譯文] 這兩家公司是帕薩迪納的“e太陽能公司”和阿拉米達的Makani公司。“e太陽能公司”專業制造太陽能熱能，用大片的鏡子聚集太陽光生成蒸汽來推動多用途電力渦輪,而Makani公司是利用高地強力、可靠的氣流來發展風力能源技術。

　　題目分析：

　　1.The word “fledgling” (Line 7, Paragraph 1) most probably means_____1. “fledgling”(第一段第七行)這個詞最有可能的意思為_____

　　[A] inexperienced.[A] 沒有經驗的。

　　[B] promising.[B] 有前途的。

　　[C] new.[C] 新的。

　　[D] initiative.[D] 初步的，開始的。

　　[答案]C

　　[難度系數] ☆☆

　　[分析] 猜詞題。根據上下文，這種公司包括太陽能技術、增強的地熱、高地風力的公司，這是一種新興的公司，因此，最為合適的選項為C。

　　2. Which one of the following statements is TRUE of the coal?2. 關于煤炭，下列哪個陳述是正確的?

　　[A] It is a kind of controversial fuel given its large quantity and its harm to the harm the environment.[A] 它是一種有爭議的燃料，一方面儲量巨大，另一方面卻對環境有害。

　　[B] It is a plentiful and cheap fuel that will surely earn more market share.[B] 它是一種充足的、廉價的燃料，因此自然會贏得更多的市場份額。

　　[C] It will be totally replaced by the renewable energy in years because it produces the worst gas―carbon dioxide.[C]由于煤炭會產生一種最糟糕的氣體―二氧化碳，因此在近幾年內它就會完全被可再生能源所替代。

　　[D] It is supported by enthusiastic countries like China and U.S.[D] 它得到了諸如美國和中國這樣的`國家的熱情支持。

　　[答案]A。

　　[難度系數] ☆☆☆

　　[分析] 細節題。根據第二段，選項A，從第二段的前兩句話可以看出，煤炭由于其資源豐富且廉價、因此得到了廣泛的使用，但同時又對環境造成了傷害，可見煤炭是一種頗具爭議性的資源。選項B，對于美國、中國是這種情況，但不一定對于其他國家也是。選項C，Google正在努力的目標是可再生能源產量可以供應舊金山城市規模大小的城市使用，但并不一定能完全取代煤炭，只能是逐步的，同時第二段里面有一句話，說煤炭是產生二氧化碳最嚴重的燃料，而不是產生了最糟糕的二氧化碳，因此C選項也不正確。因此，答案為A。

　　3. Google.org is a _____3. Google.org是一個_____

　　[A] conventionally type of organization.[A] 傳統的慈善組織。

　　[B] equity investor in companies.[B] 投資公司股票的投資機構。

　　[C] a branch website of Google.com that focuses on charity activities.[C] Google.com的分支網站，專門負責慈善活動。

　　[D] environmental organization that specializes in promoting green fuel.[D] 致力于推動綠色燃料的使用的環境組織

　　[答案]A

　　[難度系數] ☆☆☆☆

　　[分析] 細節題。關鍵是要正確理解which is not a traditional charity but can make equity investments in companies這句話的句式結構，意為“不僅…而且…”，說Google.org不僅是一家傳統的慈善組織，而且也投資公司股票;后面指出Google投資改善氣候變化和全球貧困問題，這都是慈善行為。可以推斷，這主要是一家慈善機構。C選項比較具有迷惑定，但是通過閱讀全文我們可以發現Google.org看起來像是一個網站名，但是其實是一個組織。D選項把該組織定義為“環境組織”是錯誤的。正確答案為A選項。

　　4. Which one of the following is NOT true of RE

　　[A] It will be realized through investments in solar and wind energy companies.[A] 通過投資太陽能、風能公司可以實現該項目。

　　[B] It is a programme of environmental protection.[B] 這是環境保護項目。

　　[C] It is one of the measures taken to neutralize carbon.[C] 這是中化碳的一種方法。

　　[D] It can come into true in a few years.[D] 在近幾年內該項目就可以實現。

　　[答案] A

　　[難度系數] ☆☆☆☆

　　[分析] 推理題。選項A，該項目和投資太陽能、風能公司是實現Google公司產出比煤炭更加低廉燃料的兩種途徑，并非有直接的手段聯系。選項B在文章第五段提到了，是整治氣候變化的一步，那么可以算是環保項目;C，第五段有提及“The company says it is on track in its goal to be carbon neutral in ”;D，既然公司的目標在幾年內都可以實現，那么其中的一個步驟或項目也有望實現。由此可見，答案為A選項。

　　5. The best title of this passage is_____5. 這篇文章最好的題目為_____

　　[A] Google’s RE

　　[B]Google, the Energy Revolutionary.[B] 谷歌，能源革命者。

　　[C] Google, the Environmental Protector.[C] 谷歌，環境保護者。

　　[D] Google’s Renewable Energy Project.[D] 谷歌可再生能源項目。

　　[答案] B

　　[難度系數] ☆☆

　　[分析]主旨題。這篇文章主要講述了谷歌要開發出一種比煤炭價格低的可再生能源燃料，從而可以提供低價的能源，也可以保護環境。

　　A，該項目只是其中一個舉措

　　B,主要就是談到能源創新，因此這個題目比較合適

　　C，主要還是關于能源，不只是關于環境

　　D，文章并未一一列舉項目，只是給出了一些情況。答案為B選項。