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考研英語(yǔ)暑期備考 閱讀中的同意替換
仔細(xì)閱讀考研文章之后, 再來(lái)看題目和選項(xiàng), 相比很多同學(xué)都已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)規(guī)律, 那就是: 很多題目和選項(xiàng)都或多或少的與原文里的句子有些不大一樣, 但是意思卻基本相同, 這就是命題里的一個(gè)小妙招: 同義替換。
下面我們就2002年文中里出現(xiàn)的同義替換簡(jiǎn)要跟大家來(lái)分享下,希望在以后的閱讀過(guò)程中注意此類選項(xiàng)和原文做對(duì)比, 以提高做題效率。
Text1 是一篇講述如何在對(duì)話中有效使用幽默的文章
1. :To make your humor work, you should ________.
答案C:address different problems to different people
定位原文:Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different.
答題要點(diǎn):既然是細(xì)節(jié)題,并且出現(xiàn)在第一道,那么應(yīng)該正確答案理應(yīng)出現(xiàn)在文章前面段落,并且很可能就是第一段。正確選項(xiàng)和原文之間并非出現(xiàn)詞匯的同義替換, 而是換了句型。
2:The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are ________.
正確答案B:very conscious of their godlike role
原文復(fù)現(xiàn):“Who is that?” the new arrival asked St. Peter. “Oh, that's God,” came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks he's a doctor.”
答題要點(diǎn):這個(gè)題目難度較大, 但是解本題的時(shí)候, 除了找到此同義替換局外, 還有一點(diǎn)是關(guān)鍵的, 那就是這個(gè)例子出現(xiàn)的背景, 那就是護(hù)士對(duì)醫(yī)生有著一致的看法和觀點(diǎn), 并且絕對(duì)不是一種好的評(píng)價(jià), 所以才會(huì)拿來(lái)開(kāi)玩笑。 所以再結(jié)合原文, 應(yīng)該推斷, B為正確選項(xiàng)。說(shuō)明醫(yī)生很在乎自己上帝般的角色God再次出現(xiàn)。
3: It can be inferred from the text that public services ________.
正確答案D:have often been the laughing stock
原文定位:You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system.
答題要點(diǎn):the Post Office or the telephone system與public services屬于上下義的關(guān)系,因此一定程度上屬于同義替換, 并且laughing stock與scapegoats如果仔細(xì)看這段文字的話, 也會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn), 其實(shí)就是同義的表達(dá)而已。
4:To achieve the desired result, humorous stories should be delivered ________.
答案D:as casually as possible
原文定位:If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural. Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner.
答題要點(diǎn):先定位, 然后再來(lái)分析發(fā)現(xiàn)原文中nature, casual, off-the-cuff,relaxed, unforced全都是答案中casually的同義詞, 如此之多, 完全可以判定正確選項(xiàng)D
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