動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)考點(diǎn)追蹤

時(shí)間：2023-04-30 07:22:40 高考輔導(dǎo) 我要投稿

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[HTML]<br>[/HTML] 近幾年高考試題側(cè)重對(duì)動(dòng)詞各種用法的考查，其中又以考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)為重中之重。為了幫助同學(xué)們備考，以近幾年高考題為例，對(duì)高考常考的時(shí)態(tài)的概念及考點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分析歸納。

一、對(duì)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的考查

1）考查其基本概念：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一個(gè)習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作。常與表示習(xí)慣的副詞always, every time, now and then, occasionally, often, seldom, sometimes, usually 等連用。但近幾年，對(duì)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的考查常用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)同學(xué)們進(jìn)行干擾。如：

1. Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across the open sea, which ________ the Pacific, and we met no storm. （2005年遼寧卷）

A. was called B. is called

C. had been called

D. has been called

（劃線的為答案，以下同）

2. Although he has lived with us for years, he ___ us much impression. （2004年上海春季卷）

A. hadn’t left

B. didn’t leave

C. doesn’t leave

D. hasn’t left

2）考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的替代用法：在以when, till/ until, as soon as, by the time, after, before 等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，在以if, unless, once等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句和以no matter, however, even if 等詞引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果主句中的動(dòng)詞用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句中的動(dòng)詞通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。如：

3. — What would you do if it _____ tomorrow?

— We have to carry it on ,since we’ve got everything ready. （2005年全國(guó)卷）

A. rain B. rains

C. will rain D. is raining

二、對(duì)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的考查

一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某時(shí)某刻發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，它常與表過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如yesterday, last year, last night, the other day, just now, then, two days ago, in 1999, at that time等。但是一般過(guò)去時(shí)也經(jīng)常用在沒(méi)有說(shuō)明過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的句子中，這是高考的命題方向。如：

4. More than a dozen students in that school ____ abroad to study medicine last year. （2005年上海卷）

A. sent

B. were sent

C. had sent

D. had been sent

三、對(duì)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的考查

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)由“be+現(xiàn)在分詞”，被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)為“amisare+being+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。如：

5. — What’s the terrible noise？

— The neighbours ____ for a party. （2004年北京卷）

A. have prepared

B. are preparing

C. prepare

D. will prepare

注①表示感覺(jué)、愿望和狀態(tài)的某些動(dòng)詞have, hear, see, like, contain, belong to, have on, understand, know 等一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí)。

②進(jìn)行時(shí)與always, often, forever, constantly等連用，表示一種感情（如贊揚(yáng)、厭煩等）。

③現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的區(qū)別是：前者表示動(dòng)作的暫時(shí)性而后者表示動(dòng)作的長(zhǎng)期性。

四、對(duì)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的考查

1）把過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)放在when, while, as 等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中考查。如果主句謂語(yǔ)和從句謂語(yǔ)都發(fā)生在過(guò)去，動(dòng)作時(shí)間長(zhǎng)的用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，表達(dá)談話背景；動(dòng)作時(shí)間短的用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表達(dá)新的信息。

6. —You were out when I dropped in at your house.

—Oh, I ____ for a friend from England at the airport. （2004年福建卷）

A. was waiting

B. had waited

C. am waiting

D. have waited

2）把過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)放在某特定的語(yǔ)境中考查。

7. —Has Sam finished his homework today?

—I have no idea. He ____ it this morning. （2004年全國(guó)卷）

A. did B. has done

C. was doing D. had done

3）考查過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的比較。