用詞要簡潔

　　下列兩個句子中，(a) 屬(口羅)唆型，(b) 是簡潔體：

(1) a. The stranger was conveyed to his place of residence in an intoxicated condition.

　　b. The stranger was carried home drunk.

(2) a. No one sees the necessity for a meeting now.

　　b. No one feels it necessary to meet now.

　　用詞要怎樣才算是簡潔呢？

　　下面是三個可以遵循的原則：

　　1. 刪除掉不必要的字眼，如：

　　(3) The downpour, which started last night, has come to a stop now.

　　這里的形容詞從句“which ...... night”可有可無，無比有好，最好去掉，然后再把句子簡化如下：

　　“Last night's downpour has stopped now.”

　　(4) It happened that Mr. Yap was elected to the position of Chairman of the well-established Singapore Literature Society that existed in this country.

　　這個句子內(nèi)容簡單，但卻有24個字，其中有個主句和兩個從句，顯然(口羅)唆復(fù)雜了些，可以簡化如下：?

“Mr. Yap was elected Chairman of this country's well-established Singapore Literature Society.”

　　2. 試用一個貼切的詞取代幾個同義詞，如：

(5) David, the director, called me up on the phone.

　　這里的“on the phone”和片語動詞“called up”發(fā)生沖突，只好把它犧牲了，或把句子改寫：

“David, the director, called me up.／David, the directr, telephoned me.”

(6) John walked very hastily down the street leading to the bus station.

這里的“walked very hastily”和“hurried”同義。為什么棄簡從繁呢？

　　3. 試把過于冗長的句子加以節(jié)縮，如：?

　　(7) The increasing filthy water in some areas through poll ution has troubled and upset environmental scientists for a period of one and a half decades.

→ The increasing water pollution in some areas has upset environmental scientists for 15 year

　　(8) All students in college are required to take different tests. These tests are for the purpose of determining what courses the students are suitable to take.

→ All college students are required to take different tests to determine what courses suit them.

　　(9) ALthough the story is supernatural in nature, the story-teller manages to put over his point and show the effects on a person when he is confronted with the fact that there exists a certain degree of evil in everyone's physical make up.

→ The story-teller uses supernatural elements to imply that there is a certain degree of evil in a person.

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