- 相關(guān)推薦
中考英語(yǔ)記敘文寫(xiě)作技巧
相信大家對(duì)作文都不陌生吧，尤其是應(yīng)用極其廣泛的記敘文，記敘文要寫(xiě)清人物、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、事件的起因、經(jīng)過(guò)和結(jié)果等”六要素“。那么優(yōu)秀的記敘文是什么樣的呢？以下是小編精心整理的中考英語(yǔ)記敘文寫(xiě)作技巧，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。
記敘文是記人敘事的文章，它主要是用于說(shuō)明事件的時(shí)間、背景、起因、過(guò)程及結(jié)果，即我們通常所說(shuō)的五個(gè)“ w ”( what, who, when, where, why )和一個(gè)“ h ”( how )。記敘文的重點(diǎn)在于“述說(shuō)”和“描寫(xiě)”，因此一篇好的記敘文要敘述條理清楚，描寫(xiě)生動(dòng)形象。下面就談?wù)動(dòng)⒄Z(yǔ)記敘文的特點(diǎn)和寫(xiě)好記敘文的基本要領(lǐng)。
一、記敘文的特點(diǎn)
1、敘述的人稱(chēng)
英語(yǔ)的記敘文一般是以第一或第三人稱(chēng)的角度來(lái)敘述的。用第一稱(chēng)表示的是由敘述者親眼所見(jiàn)、親耳所聞的經(jīng)歷。它的優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于能把故事的情節(jié)通過(guò)“我”來(lái)傳達(dá)給讀者，使人讀后感到真實(shí)可信，如身臨其境。如：
the other day, i was driving along the street、suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast、i was so frightened that i quickly turned to the left side、but it was too late、the car hit my bike and i fell off it.
用第三人稱(chēng)敘述，優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于敘述者不受“我”活動(dòng)范圍以?xún)?nèi)的人和事物的限制，而是通過(guò)作者與讀者之外的第三者，直接把故事中的情節(jié)展現(xiàn)在讀者面前，文章的客觀性很強(qiáng)。如：
little tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard、on the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover、tom went up to the old woman an
d wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short、what could he do? then he had a good idea.
2、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)
在記敘文中，記和敘都離不開(kāi)動(dòng)詞。所以動(dòng)詞出現(xiàn)率最高，且富于變化。記敘文中用得最多的是動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去的，這是英語(yǔ)記敘文區(qū)別于漢語(yǔ)記敘文的關(guān)鍵之處。英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作的優(yōu)美之處就在于這些動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的變化，正是這一點(diǎn)才使得所記、所敘有鮮活的動(dòng)態(tài)感、鮮明的層次感和立體感。
3、敘述的順序
記敘一件事要有一定的順序。無(wú)論是順敘、倒敘、插敘還是補(bǔ)敘，都要讓讀者能弄清事情的來(lái)龍去脈。順敘最容易操作，較容易給讀者提供有關(guān)事情的空間和時(shí)間線索。但這種方法也容易使文章顯得平鋪直敘，讀起來(lái)平淡乏味。倒敘、插敘、補(bǔ)敘等敘述方法能有效地提高文章的結(jié)構(gòu)效果，讓所敘之事跌宕起伏，使讀者在閱讀時(shí)思維產(chǎn)生較大的跳躍，從而為文章所吸引，深入其中。但這些方法如果使用不當(dāng)，則容易弄巧成拙，使文章結(jié)構(gòu)散亂，頭緒不清，讓讀者不知所云。
4、敘述的過(guò)渡
過(guò)渡在上下文中起著承上啟下、融會(huì)貫通的作用。過(guò)渡往往用在地點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移或時(shí)間、事件轉(zhuǎn)換以及由概括說(shuō)明到具體敘述時(shí)。如：
in my summer holidays, i did a lot of things、apart form doing my homework, reading an english novel, watching tv and doing some housework, i went on a trip to qingdao、it is really a beautiful city、there are many places of interest to see、but what impressed me most was the sunrise.
the next morning i got up early、i
was very happy because it was a fine day、by the time i got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red、in a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing、the sun was very red, not shining、it rose slowly、at last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball、at the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright.
what a moving and unforgettable scene!
5、敘述與對(duì)話
引用故事情節(jié)中主要人物的對(duì)話是記敘文提高表現(xiàn)力的一種好方法。適當(dāng)?shù)赜弥苯右Z(yǔ)代替間接的主觀敘述，可以客觀生動(dòng)地反映人物的性格、品質(zhì)和心理狀態(tài)，使記敘生動(dòng)、有趣，使文章內(nèi)容更加充實(shí)、具體。試比較下面兩段的敘述效果：
i was in the kitchen, and i was cooking something、suddenly i heard a loud noise from the front、i thought maybe someone was knocking the door、i asked who it was but i heard no reply、after a while i saw my cat running across the parlor、i realized it was the cat、i felt released.
這本來(lái)應(yīng)是一段故事性很強(qiáng)的文字，但經(jīng)作者這么一寫(xiě)，就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是敘述模式，沒(méi)有人物語(yǔ)言，把“懸念”給沖淡了。可作如
下調(diào)整：
i was in the kitchen cooking something、"crash!" a loud noise came from the front、thinking someone was knocking at the door, i asked, "who?" no reply、after a while, i saw my cat running across the parlor、"it's you." i said, quite released.
二、寫(xiě)好記敘文的基本要領(lǐng)
1、頭緒分明，脈絡(luò)清楚
寫(xiě)好記敘文，首先要頭緒分明，脈絡(luò)清楚，明確文章要求寫(xiě)什么。要對(duì)所寫(xiě)的事件或人物進(jìn)行分析，弄清事件發(fā)生、發(fā)展一直到結(jié)束的整個(gè)過(guò)程，然后再收集選取素材。這些素材都應(yīng)該跟上述五個(gè)“ w ”和一個(gè)“ h ”有關(guān)。盡管不是每篇記敘文里都必須包括這些“ w ”和“ h ”，但動(dòng)筆之前，圍繞五個(gè)“ w ”和“ h ”進(jìn)行構(gòu)思是必不可少的。
2、突出中心，詳略得當(dāng)
在文章的框架確定后，對(duì)支持故事的素材的選取是很關(guān)鍵的。選材要注意取舍，應(yīng)該從表現(xiàn)文章主題的需要出發(fā)，分清主次，定好詳略。要突出重點(diǎn)，詳寫(xiě)細(xì)述那些能表現(xiàn)文章主題的重要情節(jié)，略寫(xiě)粗述那么非關(guān)鍵的次要情節(jié)。面面俱到反而使情節(jié)羅列化，使人不得要領(lǐng)。這一點(diǎn)是寫(xiě)好記敘文要解決的一個(gè)基本問(wèn)題，也需要一定的技巧。如：
one night a man came to our house and told me, "there is a family with eight children、they have not eaten for days." i took some food with
me and went.
when i finally came to that family, i saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破壞外貌) by hunger、there was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger.
i gave the rice to the mother、she divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice、when she came back, i asked her, "where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "to my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3、用活語(yǔ)言，準(zhǔn)確生動(dòng)
記敘文要用具體的事件和生動(dòng)的語(yǔ)言對(duì)人、事、物加以敘述。一篇好的記敘文的語(yǔ)言既要準(zhǔn)確、生動(dòng)，又要表現(xiàn)力強(qiáng)，這樣才能把人、事描寫(xiě)得具體生動(dòng)，其可讀性才強(qiáng)。試比較下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文：
one day xiaoqiang was wandering away、he was soon lost among people and traffic、he could not find the way back home and started crying、just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying、they went up to xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened、xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where
he lived、the two students decided to take him home、mother was pleased to see xiaoqiang come back safe and sound、she invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it、she served them with tea but they left.
修改后：
the other day, five-year-old xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street、after some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home、but he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic、when he could not find the way home, he started and crying、just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop、they immediately went up to him.
"little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked.
"i want mom, i go home." said the boy, still crying.
"don't worry, we'll send you home."
and they spent the next two hours looking for the boy
's house、with the help of a policeman, they finally found it.
when the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house、gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea.
中考英語(yǔ)記敘文寫(xiě)作技巧1
一、文章結(jié)構(gòu)
英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作和漢語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作一樣，要寫(xiě)出好文章除了要有好的內(nèi)容外還少不了好的結(jié)構(gòu)，而結(jié)構(gòu)的好壞又取決于選詞造句。
1. 切合主題
寫(xiě)作都有固定的主題，最忌諱的就是跑題。因此，一定要確保文章的內(nèi)容與主題一致，否則再好的文章也是失敗之作。
2. 措詞
在寫(xiě)作時(shí)要選擇準(zhǔn)確、生動(dòng)而形象的詞，要有意識(shí)地使用俗語(yǔ)、成語(yǔ)等，這樣可避免語(yǔ)言的單調(diào)貧乏，令文章生動(dòng)而富有內(nèi)涵。
3. 句子
寫(xiě)作忌枯燥乏味，不要用同一模式反復(fù)表達(dá)，可以嘗試用多種方法來(lái)表達(dá)同一概念，不斷變化句子結(jié)構(gòu)，使語(yǔ)言豐富多彩。
二、 語(yǔ)法
我們寫(xiě)的文章，有時(shí)整篇沒(méi)有幾句通順的話，這是因?yàn)楹鲆暳苏Z(yǔ)法。簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)，語(yǔ)法就是一個(gè)句子的構(gòu)成。明白了句子的構(gòu)成就不會(huì)寫(xiě)出支離破碎的句子了。
語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)很簡(jiǎn)單。有人或許會(huì)選擇買(mǎi)厚厚的語(yǔ)法書(shū)來(lái)看，其實(shí)沒(méi)有必要。看語(yǔ)法書(shū)枯燥無(wú)味，毫無(wú)感覺(jué)可講，不如換種方法，放棄死記硬背，在閱讀中學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)法。在閱讀過(guò)程中我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，同一個(gè)單詞可能多次出現(xiàn)，而且作用不同，學(xué)會(huì)將這些常用詞分類(lèi)學(xué)習(xí)，語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)也就容易多了。
三、單詞
在大學(xué)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中，單詞對(duì)于大多數(shù)同學(xué)來(lái)說(shuō)都是一大難題，然而在寫(xiě)作中單詞的積累尤為重要。
對(duì)于記單詞，我們可以在小本上抄寫(xiě)10個(gè)左右的單詞，作為一天的任務(wù)，這樣久而久之就會(huì)積累大量單詞。另一種方法就是通過(guò)閱讀記單詞，在讀的同時(shí)配合手寫(xiě)，這樣不僅會(huì)讀而且會(huì)寫(xiě)。
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作提升技巧
(1) 改變時(shí)態(tài)
The bell is ringing now. (一般)
There goes the bell! (高級(jí))
(2) 改變語(yǔ)態(tài)
People suggests that the meeting be put off. (一般)
It is suggested that the meeting be put off. (高級(jí))
(3) 使用不定式
He is so kind that he can do me a favor. (一般)
He is so kind as to do me a favor. (高級(jí))
(4) 使用過(guò)去分詞
Lisa walked out of the room and many guys followed her. (一般)
Followed by many guys, Lisa walked out of the lab. (高級(jí))
(5) 使用v-ing 形式
When she arrives, please give me a call. (一般)
On her arriving, please give me a call. (高級(jí))
(6) 使用名詞性從句
She happened to have met him. (一般)
It happened that she had met him. (高級(jí))
(7) 使用定語(yǔ)從句
The girl is spoken highly of. Her homework was well done. (一般)
The girl whose homework was well done is spoken highly of. (高級(jí))
(8) 使用狀語(yǔ)從句
I won’t believe what he says. (一般)
No matter what he says, I won’t believe. (高級(jí))
(9) 使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣
The patient didn’t die because there were the efforts of the doctor. (一般)
But for the efforts of the doctor, the patient would have died. (高級(jí))
(10) 使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型
I was born in 1987. (一般)
It was in 1987 that I was born. (高級(jí))
(11) 使用倒裝
Though I’m sick, I’ll carry on. (一般)
Sick as I am, I’ll carry on. (高級(jí))
中考英語(yǔ)記敘文寫(xiě)作技巧2
1、使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式
用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以使句子簡(jiǎn)潔。例如：
We were surrounded by a variety of buildings。 We found ourselves deeply absorbed in the sight。 After the visit，we left the park and we felt joyful。
→Surrounded by a variety of buildings，we found ourselves deeply absorbed in the sight。 After the visit，we left the park feeling joyful。
2、使用with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)
with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，也就是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，常作伴隨狀語(yǔ)以增加被描繪內(nèi)容的生動(dòng)性，使文章讀起來(lái)更簡(jiǎn)潔明了。例如：
I could not go on studying because there was so much noise troubling me。
→I could not go on studying with so much noise troubling me。
3、使用復(fù)合句
復(fù)合句可以把結(jié)構(gòu)松散的句子連接起來(lái)，從而使表達(dá)顯得高級(jí)。例如：
①Occasions are quite rare when I have the time to spend a day with my kids。
②It is our belief that improvements in environment will contribute to the development of our society。
③Additionally，as the data shows，there are roughly 350 million smokers in China，75% of which are males while 25% are females。 What amazes us is that around 540 million people are affected by second hand smoke。
4、使用倒裝句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句，虛擬語(yǔ)氣等
使用這些句式可使文章化平淡為生動(dòng)，加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，使評(píng)卷老師感受到作者的強(qiáng)烈情感。
He did not know what had happened until he had read the news in the newspaper。
→It was not until he had read the news in the newspaper that he knew what had happened。（強(qiáng)調(diào)句）
→Not until he had read the news in the newspaper did he know what had happened。（倒裝句）
綜合使用以上句式，長(zhǎng)短句結(jié)合，可以增強(qiáng)句子的連貫性和表現(xiàn)力。
【中考英語(yǔ)記敘文寫(xiě)作技巧】相關(guān)文章：
中考記敘文寫(xiě)作技巧11-10
中考英語(yǔ)作文寫(xiě)作技巧11-17
中考記敘文寫(xiě)作技巧4篇12-13
電郵英語(yǔ)的寫(xiě)作技巧02-06
高考英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作技巧02-06
中考作文寫(xiě)作技巧5篇12-27
中考作文寫(xiě)作技巧15篇03-15
考研英語(yǔ)作文的寫(xiě)作技巧02-06