- 相關推薦
同義句轉換的九種類型
同義句轉換題是近幾年中考英語的一個常考題型,其出題形式通常是同時給出兩個句子,第一句完整,第二句中設有幾處空格,要求考生填入適當的詞或詞組,使第二句的意思與第一句意思相同。以下是小編整理的同義句轉換的九種類型,希望能夠幫助到大家。
一、運用同義詞(組)進行轉換
用同義詞或同義詞組對原句中的某些詞或詞組進行替換,注意轉換后的詞或詞組的詞形變化要與句子其他成分相適應。如:
1. That day we could see flowers here and there.
That day we could see flowers __________.
分析:答案為everywhere。everywhere與here and there都表示“到處”。
2. The teacher always takes good care of the children in the school.
The teacher always_______ ______the children well in the school.
分析:答案為looks after。take good care of與look after…well都表示“好好照顧”。
二、運用反義詞(組)的否定式進行轉換
即用反義詞或詞組的否定式表達與原句相同的意思,主要考查學生對反義詞(詞組)的積累和換位思維的能力。如:
1. It’s clear that this visit is different from last time.
It’s clear that this visit is not the___ ___last time.
分析:答案為same as。be different from意為“與……不同”;the same as意為“與……相同”,其否定式與be different from同義。
2. I think wealth is less important than health.
I ___ think wealth is ___ important than health.
分析:答案為don’t,more。less important的意思是“沒有(不及)……重要”;more important的意思是“(比)……更重要”,該結構與not連用,則表示“不比……更重要”。
另外,有的反義詞即使不與否定詞連用,而只需改變句子結構也可構成同義句。如:
He lent some money to his friend.
He friend ___ some money ___ him.
分析:答案為borrowed,from。borrow…from意為“向……借……”;lend…to意為“把……借給……”。兩個結構意思相反,但若變換“借出者”與“借入者”的位置,則可轉換為同義句。
三、運用不同語態進行轉換
即運用主動語態與被動語態的變化來轉換同義詞,但此時要特別注意時態、動詞一致性。如:
1. Everyone should give back his library books on time.
Library books should____ ____ ____ on time.
分析:答案為be given back。被動句中含有情態動詞should,因此助動詞用be。
2. It is widely accepted that more people use computers in the world today.
Computers ____ widely ___ in the world today.
分析:答案為are,used。computers是復數名詞,助動詞用are。
四、非延續性動詞與延續性動詞的相互轉換
即非延續性動詞與延續性動詞進行轉換,此時往往會涉及時態的變化。如:
1. The manager left two hours ago.
The manager _____ ____ ____ for two hours.
分析:答案為has been away。leave為非延續性動詞,不能與for two hours這樣的一段時間連用,而改成be away這樣的延續性動詞后,則可連用一段時間。
2. The film began five minutes ago.
The film has been _____ _____ five minutes.
分析:答案為on for。has been提示時態是現在完成時態,“for+時間段”表示“持續(一段時間)”,常用在含有現在完成時態的句子里。
3. Mr Li joined the Party twenty years ago.
Mr Li _____ _____ _____ the Party for twenty years.
答案:has been in。短暫動詞join,意為“參加、加入(組織,政黨)”,不能與延續時間狀語連用,與延續性時間狀語連用時,將join改成be in或be a member in…。
五、運用不同引語進行轉換
即將直接引語變為間接引語或將間接引語轉換成直接引語。此時還要注意相關時態、人稱、動詞、狀語等相應的變化。如:
1. “I’ve found my wallet,” he said to me.
He _________ me that he _________ _________ his wallet.
分析:答案為told,had found。此題是將直接引語轉換成間接引語。
2. “Did you see her last week?” he said.
He _______ _______ I had seen her the week _______.
分析:答案為asked if/ whether, before。此題是將疑問句的直接引語轉換成間接引語。
六、運用簡單句與復合句之間的轉換
即將簡單句變成同義的復合句或將復合句變成同義的簡單句。如:
1. We didn’t go out for a walk because it was raining.
We didn’t go out for a walk _______ _______ the rain.
分析:答案為because of。將原因狀語從句because it was raining改為表示原因的介詞短語because of the rain。
2. He was so excited that he couldn’t go to sleep.
He was ______ ______ ______ go to sleep.
分析:答案為too excited to。將so…that…換成too…to…結構,原句的that從句為結果狀語從句,改寫句中的不定式仍表結果。
3. Now I will show you how to do the work.
Now I will show you ______ ______ ______ do the work.
分析:答案為how you can。即將原句中的“疑問詞+不定式”結構轉換成賓語從句。
4. You should put them back after you use them.
You should put them back _____ _____ them.
分析:答案為after using。即將after引導的狀語從句改寫為after引導的介詞短語。
七、運用并列句與復合句之間的轉換
即將并列句變成同義的復合句或將復合句變成同義的并列句。如:
1. Come on, or we’ll miss the early bus.
____ we ____ hurry, we’ll miss the early bus.
分析:答案為If,don’t。if引導條件狀語從句。
2. The man gave us a talk last week. Now he will give us another talk this week.
The man _____ gave us a talk last week _____ _____ us another talk this week.
分析:答案為who/ that,will give。who/ that gave us a talk last week為定語從句,修飾先行詞the man。
八、運用關聯連詞連接或合并句子
即運用關聯連詞both…and…,neither…nor…,either…or…,not only…but also…等將兩個簡單句合并為一個簡單句。此時要注意的是,both…and…連接兩個主語時,謂語總是用復數,而neither…nor…,either…or…,not only…but also…連接兩個主語時,謂語動詞通常應與靠近的主語保持一致。如:
1. Tom can’t speak Japanese well and Jim can’t, either.
______ Tom ______ Jim can speak Japanese well.
分析:答案填Neither,nor。neither…nor…表示“……和……(兩者)都不”,剛好與原句的兩個否定結構的意思相吻合。
2. Alice has read the book and Peter has read it, too.
______ Alice ______ Peter have read the book.
分析:答案為Both,and。both…and…的意思是“……和……(兩者)都”。
3. This store sells men’s shoes, and it also sells men’s clothes.
This store sells ______ ______ men’s shoes ______ ______ men’s clothes.
分析:答案為not only,but also。表示“不僅……而且……”之意。
九、利用某些典型句式或結構進行轉換
這類典型結構如so…that…,too…to…,enough to,not…until…,so do I等。如:
1. Jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boating, too.
Jim wants to go boating, and ______ ______ his parents.
分析:答案為so do。句意為“……他的父母也一樣(一樣想去)”。
2. John went to bed after he finished his homework.
【同義句轉換的九種類型】相關文章:
轉換的作文10-23
實用的轉換作文11-09
楓林中悲傷的轉換08-02
角色轉換之間作文07-21
談判風格類型03-03
公積金的提取類型12-21
什么是介質類型08-25
什么是內存類型03-16
不卑不亢的同義詞08-21
閑逸的同義詞11-25