英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法詳解--ed分詞（一）

　　-ED分詞即我們平常所說(shuō)的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞。它有兩種形式：規(guī)則動(dòng)詞形式和不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞形式。規(guī)則動(dòng)詞形式由規(guī)則動(dòng)詞＋-ED構(gòu)成；不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞有其特殊的-ED分詞。在語(yǔ)法功能上，它在句子中所能承擔(dān)的成分基本與-ING分詞相同，可以作表語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)，也可以用在復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，不管它作什么成分，其最基本的含義是"被動(dòng)"的。-ED分詞在語(yǔ)法功能和意義上與-ING分詞有一定的區(qū)別。

　　第一節(jié) -ED分詞的用法

　　一、-ED分詞作表語(yǔ)

　　The glass is broken. / He was amused. / She seemed quite disappointed. / He is greatly discouraged by her refusal of inviting her to the party. / The window remains locked.

　　已經(jīng)形容詞化了的-ED分詞大都作表語(yǔ)，常見(jiàn)的有：accomplished, amazed, amused, astonished, broken, closed, completed, complicated, confused, crowded, deserted, devoted, disappointed, discouraged, dressed, drunk, exhausted, excited, experienced, fadded, fascinated, frightened, hurt, inexperienced, interested, known, learned, lost, married, pleased, puzzled, qualified, satisfied, surprised, tired, unprepared, unqualified, unkown, upset, worried, wounded等。

　　二、作定語(yǔ)的-ED分詞

　　-ED分詞可以作前置定語(yǔ)也可以作后置定語(yǔ)，作后置定語(yǔ)時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句

　　1) Commercial banks make most of their income from interest on loans and investments in stocks and bonds.

　　［A］ earn ［B］ earned ［C］ to earn［D］ was earned

　　2) On his return from his college, he found the house .

　　［A］ deserting［B］ deserted［C］ desert［D］ to be deserted

　　3) The age ［A］ of a geological sample can be estimated ［B］ from the ratio of radioactive to nonradioactive carbon present ［C］ in the object is examined ［D］ .

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